Look: Death of dolphins in Amazon linked to severe drought, heat

More than 100 dolphins found dead in Brazilian Amazon as water temperatures soar

Published: October 03, 2023 09:48 Reuters and Compiled by Lekshmy Pavithran, Assistant Online Editor

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The carcasses of 120 river dolphins have been found floating in a tributary of the Amazon River over the last week in circumstances that experts suspect were caused by severe drought and heat. Image Credit: Reuters

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Low river levels during a severe drought have heated water in stretches to temperatures that are intolerable for the dolphins, researchers believe. Thousands of fish have died recently on Amazon rivers due to a lack of oxygen in the water. Image Credit: Reuters

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The Amazon river dolphins, many of a striking pink color, are a unique freshwater species found only in the rivers of South America and are one of a handful of freshwater dolphin species left in the world. Slow reproductive cycles make their populations especially vulnerable to threats. Image Credit: Reuters

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Amid the stench of decomposing dolphins, biologists and other experts in white personal protective clothing and masks continued on Monday to recover the dead mammals from a lake and conduct autopsies on the carcasses to determine the cause of death. Image Credit: Reuters

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The scientists do not know with certainty that drought and heat are to blame for the spike in dolphin mortality. They are working to rule out other causes, such as a bacterial infection that could have killed the dolphins on a lake formed by the River Tefe before it runs into the Amazon. Image Credit: Reuters

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At least 70 of the carcasses surfaced on Thursday when the temperature of Lake Tefe's water reached 39 degrees Celsius (102 degrees Fahrenheit), more than 10 degrees higher than the average for this time of the year. The water temperature declined for a few days but rose again on Sunday to 37 C (99 F), worried experts said. Image Credit: Reuters

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Environmental activists have blamed the unusual conditions on climate change, which makes droughts and heat waves more likely and severe. Global warming's role in the current Amazon drought is unclear, with other factors such as El Nino at play. Image Credit: Reuters

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"We have documented 120 carcasses in the last week," said Miriam Marmontel, a researcher at the Mamiraua environmental institute that focuses on the mid-Solimoes river basin. Roughly eight of every 10 carcasses are pink dolphins, called "botos" in Brazil, which could represent 10% of their estimated population in Lake Tefe, she said. Image Credit: Reuters

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The boto and the gray river dolphin called the "tucuxi" are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's red list of threatened species "Ten percent is a very high percentage of loss, and the possibility that it will increase could threaten the survival of the species in Lake Tefe," Marmontel said. Image Credit: Reuters

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Brazil's Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation has rushed veterinarians and aquatic mammal experts to rescue dolphins that are still alive in the lake. They cannot be moved to cooler river waters until researchers rule out a bacteriological cause of the deaths. Image Credit: Reuters

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